\n<\/p>\n
ABD<\/a> merkezli jeom\u00fchendislik giri\u015fimi Stardust Solutions, G\u00fcne\u015f<\/a> \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 hedefleyen teknolojiler geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere 60 milyon dolar yat\u0131r\u0131m toplad\u0131.<\/p>\n \u015eirket “g\u00fcne\u015f jeom\u00fchendisli\u011fi” (solar geoengineering) diye bilinen bir fikri temel al\u0131yor. Bu fikrin arkas\u0131nda da atmosferdeki sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya’ya ula\u015fan G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltma hedefi var.<\/p>\n Ancak bu y\u00f6ntemin potansiyel riskleri konusunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 mevcut.<\/p>\n Baz\u0131 uzmanlar, iklim sistemine bu \u015fekilde m\u00fcdahale etmenin \u00e7evresel ve toplumsal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bilinmedi\u011fini belirtiyor. Y\u00f6ntemi savunanlar ise risklerin bulundu\u011funu ama iklim krizi son derece ciddi boyuta ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in risk almak gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Bu t\u00fcr projeler genellikle \u00fcniversiteler veya k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ancak son yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n tamamen \u00f6zel bir \u015firkete gitmesi tart\u0131\u015fma yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n G\u00dcNE\u015e NASIL KARARTILIR?<\/strong><\/p>\n Kamuoyunca en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan y\u00f6ntem, G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 uzaya geri yans\u0131tmak i\u00e7in atmosfere partik\u00fcller p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmek. Bu y\u00f6ntem hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla atmosferin stratosfer katman\u0131na \u00e7e\u015fitli gaz ve partik\u00fcllerden olu\u015fan ince bir sis yaymak anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n Baz\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131 bu sayede G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n uzaya geri yans\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131na ve gezegenin so\u011fuyaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Bu ba\u011flamda en \u00e7ok dile getirilen madde ise k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit. Ancak bir\u00e7ok uzman bu fikre kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Atmosfere sal\u0131nacak k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksitin \u00e7evre ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde zararl\u0131 etkileri olabilece\u011fi dile getiriliyor.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksite alternatif gazlar da tart\u0131\u015fma konusu.<\/p>\n A\u00c7IK HAVA TESTLER\u0130NE BA\u015eLAYACAK<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmetine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan fizik\u00e7i ve Stardust Solutions CEO\u2019su Yanai Yedvab, Politico\u2019ya\u00a0yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u201cmilyonlarca ton \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde \u00fcretilebilecek, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ve un kadar g\u00fcvenli\u201d yeni bir par\u00e7ac\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n Yedvab, nisan ay\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 kilometre y\u00fckseklikte a\u00e7\u0131k hava testlerine ba\u015flamay\u0131 planlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da aktard\u0131. Denemelerde, modifiye edilmi\u015f bir u\u00e7aktan bu yeni par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n sal\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n \u015eirket, do\u011fada volkanik patlamalardan sonra g\u00f6zlemlenen so\u011futma etkisinden ilham al\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck patlamalarda atmosfere yay\u0131lan s\u00fclfat aerosolleri, G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131smen engelleyerek k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 y\u0131llarca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebiliyor.<\/p>\n SESS\u0130Z SEDASIZ DENEYLER YAPILMI\u015eTI<\/strong><\/p>\n Giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bu tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 alanda, baz\u0131 deneylerin gizli ya da halktan habersiz \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi de kamuoyunda tepkiye ve komplo teorilerine zemin haz\u0131rl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Kaliforniya’n\u0131n Alameda \u015fehrinde, Washington \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden bilim insanlar\u0131, kamuya a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmadan \u201cbulut parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d deneyine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama\u00e7, atmosferdeki bulutlara k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131klar enjekte ederek g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha fazla yans\u0131tmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131. Ancak yerel y\u00f6neticiler deneyden haberdar olunca, olas\u0131 yan etkiler nedeniyle projeyi derhal durdurmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n ABD\u2019li a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 Temsilci Marjorie Taylor Greene, temmuz ba\u015f\u0131nda Teksas\u2019ta meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sel felaketini hi\u00e7bir kan\u0131t g\u00f6stermeden bu t\u00fcr projelere ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan \u201chava modifikasyonu\u201dna ili\u015fkin bir yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131 sunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019i karartman\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca ge\u00e7ici bir \u00f6nlem olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin temel nedenlerine odaklanmak gerekti\u011fini savunuyorlar.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca, b\u00f6yle bir m\u00fcdahalenin yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi bilinmeyen yan etkilerin, faydalar\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n