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Polonyal\u0131 yazar Stanis\u0142aw Lem, 1963 tarihli bilim<\/a> kurgu \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc The Invincible\u2019da (Yenilmez) bir gezegenin atmosferinde dola\u015fan, s\u00fcr\u00fcler halinde hareket eden yapay nanobotlardan s\u00f6z etmi\u015fti. Tek ba\u015flar\u0131na etkisiz olan bu mikroskobik varl\u0131klar, birlikte enerji toplayabiliyor, \u00e7o\u011falabiliyor ve kendi b\u00f6lgelerini \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir g\u00fc\u00e7le savunabiliyordu.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn, Lem\u2019in hikayesi, ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere. \u201cAk\u0131ll\u0131 toz\u201d (smart dust) ad\u0131 verilen yeni bir teknoloji<\/a>, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ABD<\/a>\u2019nin So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6nemi ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurumu DARPA\u2019da (GPS ve internetin de \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc) ortaya at\u0131lan teorik bir proje olarak g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n \u015eimdi ise \u00e7evre ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndan madencili\u011fe, hatta askeri istihbarata kadar bir\u00e7ok alanda geli\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n TANE BOYUTUNDA SENS\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cAk\u0131ll\u0131 toz\u201d asl\u0131nda havada as\u0131l\u0131 kalabilen, merkezi bir cihaza veri ileten mikroskobik sens\u00f6rlerden olu\u015fuyor. \u0130lk denemelerde pirin\u00e7 tanesi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde kablosuz al\u0131c\u0131lar hedeflenirken, y\u0131llar s\u00fcren Ar-Ge sayesinde art\u0131k \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi zor, 1 mm\u00b3 ile 0,02 mm\u00b3 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen boyutlara inildi.<\/p>\n 2003\u2019te Crossbow Technology\u2019nin \u201cMICA\u201d platformu ve UC Berkeley\u2019nin \u201cSpec\u201d sens\u00f6rleri, nem, \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k gibi de\u011fi\u015fkenleri milimetrik boyutlarda \u00f6l\u00e7meyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Son 10 y\u0131lda ise bu mikro sens\u00f6rlerin yetenekleri geni\u015fletildi: art\u0131k ses kayd\u0131 yapabiliyor, hatta havadaki kimyasal bile\u015fenleri tespit etmeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Futurism\u2019in konuyla ilgili son haberine g\u00f6re bu sistemler tek ba\u015f\u0131na insan v\u00fccudundaki de\u011fi\u015fimleri \u00f6l\u00e7ebiliyor, s\u00fcr\u00fcler halinde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise biyolojik bile\u015fenleri tan\u0131mlayabiliyor.<\/p>\n Uzmanlar gelecekte, bu sens\u00f6rlerin \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu ortamlarda neredeyse s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z veri toplayabilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n B\u00dcY\u00dcYEN END\u00dcSTR\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Interesting Engineering\u2019in verilerine g\u00f6re, \u201cak\u0131ll\u0131 toz\u201d end\u00fcstrisinin 2022\u2019deki de\u011feri yakla\u015f\u0131k 115 milyon dolard\u0131. 2032\u2019de bu rakam\u0131n 400 milyon dolara yakla\u015fmas\u0131 bekleniyor. \u015eimdilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fcniversite ve \u015firket laboratuvarlar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Emerson Process Management ve Hewlett-Packard gibi teknoloji \u015firketleri bu alanda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck ederken, \u0130srailli firma Stardust Solutions\u2019\u0131n projeleri tart\u0131\u015fma yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eirket, uluslararas\u0131 jeom\u00fchendislik yasalar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde, ak\u0131ll\u0131 tozun bir versiyonunu kullanarak G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 engellemeyi planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n GELECEK PLANLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ak\u0131ll\u0131 toz teknolojisi h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131. Sens\u00f6rlerin merkezi bir i\u015flem birimine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, onlar\u0131 insan kontrol\u00fcnden uzakla\u015ft\u0131ram\u0131yor. <\/p>\n Kullan\u0131m \u00f6m\u00fcrleri de k\u0131sa, ancak \u0131\u015f\u0131k, titre\u015fim ve elektromanyetik alanlardan enerji toplama \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bu sorunu gidermeyi hedefliyor.<\/p>\n Her ne kadar distopik senaryolar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rsa da uzmanlara g\u00f6re \u201cak\u0131ll\u0131 toz\u201d \u00e7evre izleme, t\u0131p, sanayi ve g\u00fcvenlik alanlar\u0131nda devrim niteli\u011finde bir gelecek vaat edebilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n