\n<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z n\u00fckleer enerji, uranyum yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n atom \u00e7ekirdeklerini par\u00e7alayarak (fisyon) elektrik \u00fcretmesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6ntem karbon sal\u0131m\u0131 yapmasa da, tehlikeli radyoaktif at\u0131k \u00fcretiyor. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada bilim<\/a> d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n uzun s\u00fcredir pe\u015finde oldu\u011fu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm devreye giriyor: N\u00fckleer f\u00fczyon.<\/p>\n G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in de i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen f\u00fczyon, hidrojen \u00e7ekirdeklerinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cak ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda birle\u015fip helyuma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek muazzam enerji a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7. F\u00fczyon, karbonsuz, temiz ve neredeyse\u00a0sonsuz enerji vadediyor. Ayr\u0131ca fisyonun aksine \u00e7ok daha az radyoaktif at\u0131k \u00fcretiyor.<\/p>\n Ancak bu teknoloji<\/a> hen\u00fcz deneysel a\u015famada. Bug\u00fcne kadar bilim insanlar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak tokamak ad\u0131 verilen ve plazmay\u0131 manyetik alanla bir “halka” \u015feklinde tutan reakt\u00f6rler \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Tokamaklar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra\u00a0bir di\u011fer ciddi aday da \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir sistem olan “stellarator” tipi reakt\u00f6rler.<\/p>\n D\u00dcNYA REKORU<\/strong><\/p>\n Almanya\u2019daki Wendelstein 7-X adl\u0131 stellarator reakt\u00f6r\u00fc, n\u00fckleer f\u00fczyon alan\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00fcnya rekoru k\u0131rd\u0131. Max Planck Plazma Fizi\u011fi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc deneyde, bu geli\u015fmi\u015f reakt\u00f6r 43 saniye boyunca kararl\u0131 bir plazma reaksiyonu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu rekor, yaln\u0131zca stellarator\u2019lar i\u00e7in de\u011fil, tokamaklar dahil t\u00fcm f\u00fczyon reakt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7in bug\u00fcne kadarki en uzun plazma s\u00fcrelerinden biri anlam\u0131na geliyor. Daha \u00f6nce Japonya\u2019daki JT60U tokamak\u0131 ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki JET tokamak\u0131 da rekorlar k\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Wendelstein 7-X\u2019in ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131, bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi “\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00e7arp\u0131m (triple product)” d\u00fczeyini tokamak seviyelerine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu \u00fc\u00e7 kritik fakt\u00f6r \u015funlar:<\/p>\n – Plazmadaki iyon yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/p>\n – \u0130yonlar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n – Enerjinin ne kadar s\u00fcre plazmada hapsoldu\u011fu (\u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi)<\/p>\n 43 saniyelik deneyde, bu de\u011ferler f\u00fczyonun ticari \u00fcretime ge\u00e7i\u015fi i\u00e7in gerekli e\u015fi\u011fe hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar yakla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n