\n<\/p>\n
Elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden beri \u015farj s\u00fcreleri ve menzil kayg\u0131s\u0131yla birlikte kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kafas\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck soru i\u015fareti batarya \u00f6m\u00fcrleri oldu. Elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n pillerinin h\u0131zla eskidi\u011fi ve menzillerinin y\u0131l ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddialar\u0131 hep soru i\u015fareti yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 ara\u00e7lar gibi uzun y\u0131llar EV\u2019leri kullanamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve ileride satmak istediklerinde ikinci elde sorun ya\u015fayacaklar\u0131 kayg\u0131s\u0131yla elektrikli modellere so\u011fuk durdu.<\/p>\n
Arac\u0131n maliyetinin y\u00fczde 20-30\u2019unu olu\u015fturan pillerin h\u0131zla eskidi\u011fi iddias\u0131 arac\u0131n de\u011ferinin de sonraki sat\u0131\u015flarda olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olaca\u011f\u0131 endi\u015fesi yarat\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Yeni yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kafas\u0131ndaki bu sorulara cevap ararken, olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7 sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
Piller zamanla veya kullan\u0131ma g\u00f6re kapasite ve verimlilik kaybeder. Aktif kullan\u0131m olmasa bile pil h\u00fccreleri kimyasal yap\u0131lar\u0131 gere\u011fi zamanla de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frar. Kullan\u0131lan piller ise \u015farj ve de\u015farj d\u00f6ng\u00fcleriyle bir kay\u0131p ya\u015far.<\/p>\n
MENZ\u0130LE ETK\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Baz\u0131 ara\u00e7 firmalar\u0131 pillerdeki ya\u015flanmaya hesaba katarak zaman i\u00e7inde kaybolacak menzili de i\u00e7ine katarak ortalama bir maksimum menzil de\u011feri verir ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise maksimum menzili ilk ba\u015fta belirtir ve zamanla bunun d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fini kabul eder. Yani \u015fu anda sekt\u00f6rde bunun i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f bir standart yok. Markalar\u0131n i\u00e7indeki modellerde bile de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterebiliyor batarya sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n menzile etkisi.<\/p>\n BR\u00dcT VE NET<\/strong><\/p>\n Yine baz\u0131 markalar bataryalar\u0131n\u0131n br\u00fct oran\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken baz\u0131lar\u0131 net kapasitelerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Br\u00fct kapasite bataryada depolanan tam enerji miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Bu kapasitenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckleme, de\u015farj koruma gibi nedenler i\u00e7in tampon g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. \u0130\u015fte baz\u0131 ara\u00e7 \u00fcretecileri bu tampon k\u0131sm\u0131 bataryan\u0131n ya\u015flanma etkilerini telafi etmek i\u00e7in kullanabiiyor.<\/p>\n Net kapasite ise pilin kullan\u0131labilir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. \u0130deal ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda kullan\u0131c\u0131ya sunulan enerji miktar\u0131. Tampon olarak kullan\u0131lan k\u0131s\u0131m buraya dahil edilmez.<\/p>\n 300 B\u0130N K\u0130LOMETREDEN FAZLA YOL YAPMI\u015e 7 B\u0130N ARA\u00c7 \u0130NCELEND\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n P3 adl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan testlerde ilk olarak 50 ara\u00e7tan olu\u015fan kendi filolar\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ikinci a\u015famas\u0131 ise bug\u00fcne kadar 60 binden fazla batarya kapasite testi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f oan Avusturya merkezli Aviloo \u015firketiyle ortak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f.Burada 300 bin kilometreden fazla yol yapm\u0131\u015f, 7 binden fazla elektrikli ara\u00e7tan elde edilen veriler kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Burada \u00e7o\u011fu elektrikli ara\u00e7 markas\u0131n\u0131n 160 bin kilometre garanti verdi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekmek gerek. \u00dcstelik bir veriler laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan testlerle de\u011fil, d\u0131\u015f etkenler dahil kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f ve \u015farj davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fekillenmi\u015f.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bataryalar ilk 30 bin kilometrede h\u0131zla y\u00fczde 95 seviyesine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Ancak buradan sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f yava\u015fl\u0131yor. 100 bin kilometreye gelindi\u011finde batarya kapasitesi y\u00fczde 90 seviyesine gerilemi\u015f oluyor. Yine yava\u015flayan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f 200 bin \u2013 300 bin kilometre aras\u0131nda ortalama y\u00fczde 3\u2019l\u00fck bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle y\u00fczde 87 seviyesine geriliyor.<\/p>\n Yani \u00f6l\u00e7ilen pillerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu 200 bin kilometrenin \u00fczerinde yol yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde 80\u2019in \u00fczerinde sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyor.<\/p>\n Y\u0131lda 20 bin kilometre yapan bir s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcy\u00fc hesap edersek, elektrikli arac\u0131n\u0131n bataryas\u0131 15 y\u0131l sonra menzilinin y\u00fczde 13\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n Uzmanlara g\u00f6re ilk d\u00f6nemde h\u0131zl\u0131 kapasite kayb\u0131 kimyasal bir reksiyonun do\u011fal sonucu. Bunun sebebi bataryan\u0131n anot k\u0131sm\u0131nda olu\u015fan SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) tabakas\u0131. Uzun vadede bu durum dengeleniyor kay\u0131p stabil hale geliyor.<\/p>\n PEK\u0130 BATARYAYI NASIL KORUYAB\u0130L\u0130R\u0130Z?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u015firketi bataryalar\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n neler yapabilece\u011fini de s\u0131ralam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n -Bataryalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131caklardan koruyun. Bataryalar, kullan\u0131lmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrelerde 25 derecenin alt\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131. 60 derecenin \u00fczerindeki s\u0131cakl\u0131klar kimyasal reaksiyonu h\u0131zland\u0131rarak kapasite kayb\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n -Uzun s\u00fcreli parkta kalacak ara\u00e7larda batarya seviyesi y\u00fczde 10 ila y\u00fczde 50 aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131. Daha y\u00fcksek \u015farj seviyeleri, y\u00fcksek voltaja yol a\u00e7arak batarya ya\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n -Bataryan\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatman\u0131n yollar\u0131ndan biri de s\u00fcrekli y\u00fcksek ak\u0131m gerektiren DC \u015farj yerine yava\u015f \u015farj y\u00f6ntemlerini ve daha yumu\u015fak s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f tarz\u0131n\u0131 tercih etmek.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n